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Digital money has made slow progress over the last five years, but now momentum is building and banks throughout Europe have begun to deploy digital money on a large scale: GeldKarte in Germany, Proton in Belgium, CASH in Switzerland, etc. Early trials have been inconclusive, markets remain fragmented and cautious, and consumers remain to be convinced that they can place trust in digital services, but the emergence of the Net has revitalised the digital money scene. Discusses the possible consequences of e‐cash transactions in an international networked environment where long established economic and monetary ideas may no longer be valid. Raises key issues such as the implications of e‐cash on the overall money supply and inflation control, how e‐cash systems fit into fair trading regulations, the impact on the tax base, demand for government issued notes and coins and the protection of commercial and personal privacy. The importance of innovation by industry, co‐operation as the basis for competition and the creation of a regulatory framework by government are highlighted. Warns of the need for regulating authorities to ensure that economically disadvantaged groups are not excluded from the digital money environment.

The incoming Labour Government’s vision for reforming the NHS in Scotland was outlined in the White Paper Designed to Care. While bearing similarities to the proposals outlined for the rest of the UK, it also had distinctive differences. Organisational structures, roles, and relationships between the different parts of the NHS were to be fundamentally altered, particularly in primary and community care. This paper reports upon a series of interviews undertaken across several Health Board areas, with key stakeholders involved in the primary and community sectors. These interviews were intended to examine the development and evolution of the new organisational arrangements, and to identify potential barriers to the successful implementation of Designed to Care. Several barriers and sources of institutional resistance to the new roles and relationships were found during this study, and are discussed. Suggestions upon how these may be overcome and implementation improved are then made.

In this chapter, we consider music as a tool for emotional regulation in relation to disability, which can be employed to counter the dehumanisation of disabled people that arises from unregulated emotional responses to disability. Responding to Julia Kristeva's presentation of non-disabled encounters with disability as causing a physical or psychical death, Alison Duncan Kerr's arguments on the rationality of regulating emotions in encounters where unregulated emotions have negative effects on the self and others are brought together through Rebecca Jiggens' cultural model of understanding the significance of disability to illustrate the irrationality and moral paucity of ableism. We argue that music can play a role in regulating the emotions typically felt towards the disabled. Kristeva's idea that disability wounds or even kills the abled is insightful, but if we are right, then the tight connection between death and emotional reactions to disability could be overcome through the process of emotion regulation.

This study explored how food allergies have affected food-related behaviors and quality of life of college students with food allergies and identified factors influencing food choice decisions among this group of individuals.

One-on-one interviews were conducted with 26 college students with self-reported or clinically diagnosed food allergies, recruited from two universities located in the southern region of the United States. The participants were asked a series of questions based on a semi-structured discussion guide. Each interview lasted about 30 min; all interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. The transcriptions were coded independently by three researchers, and themes were identified.

Food allergies affected the participants' food-related behaviors, including eating, food preparation and shopping, as well as some aspects of their quality of life. Individual factors, such as mood, other diseases, cultural background and sensory properties, also influenced food choices. Friends and families were the two most important social influencers of food choices. Regarding physical environmental factors, cost, convenience, value and variety were considered important in selecting food. However, the participants' food choices were less influenced by food advertisements and social media. Additionally, experiences and complex cuisines were also key factors in making food choices.

Theoretically, this qualitative study applied a food choice decision framework in the context of college students with food allergies. Practical recommendations are provided, particularly to campus dining facilities, to fulfill the needs of college students with food allergies.

This study advanced the understanding of the complexity of food choice decision-making among college students with food allergies. A path diagram specific to food choice among college students with food allergies was developed based on the results of this study. This study also highlighted that food allergy management would involve various behavioral changes and revealed that the food choices are influenced by a wide range of factors.

THE catalogue, as a library appliance of importance, has had more attention devoted to it than, perhaps, any other method or factor of librarianship. Its construction, materials, rules for compilation and other aspects have all been considered at great length, and in every conceivable manner, so that little remains for exposition save some points in the policy of the catalogue, and its effects on progress and methods. In the early days of the municipal library movement, when methods were somewhat crude, and hedged round with restrictions of many kinds, the catalogue, even in the primitive form it then assumed, was the only key to the book‐wealth of a library, and as such its value was duly recognized. As time went on, and the vogue of the printed catalogue was consolidated, its importance as an appliance became more and more established, and when the first Newcastle catalogue appeared and received such an unusual amount of journalistic notice, the idea of the printed catalogue as the indispensable library tool was enormously enhanced from that time till quite recently. One undoubted result of this devotion to the catalogue has been to stereotype methods to a great extent, leading in the end to stagnation, and there are places even now where every department of the library is made to revolve round the catalogue. Whether it is altogether wise to subordinate everything in library work to the cult of the catalogue has been questioned by several librarians during the past few years, and it is because there is so much to be said against this policy that the following reflections are submitted.